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- |---------------B A T C H L R N H E L P S Y S T E M-----------------|
- |command: FOR |
- |use: The FOR command is used to expand the power of a batch file |
- | command or as an interactive (from the keyboard prompt) command |
- |how: In Batch processing type: FOR %%<c>IN<set>DO<command> |
- | In Interactive processing type: FOR %<c>IN<set>DO<command> |
- | (Did you say Huh? You demand...and get, a translation...) |
- |translation: %%<c> or %<c> is a variable. <c> can be any character |
- | except 0,1,2,3...,9. This avoids confusion with the %0-%9 batch pa- |
- | ramaters. <set> is a list of items separated by spaces and enclosed |
- | in parentheses. For example:: (item1 item2 item3...itemN) is a set. |
- | The %%<c> variable is set sequentially to each member of the <set>, |
- | and then <command> is performed. If a member of <set> is an express-|
- | ion involving either * or ?, or both, then the varible is set to |
- | each matching pattern from the file. In this case, only one such |
- | <item> may be in the set. Any <item> other than the first <item> is |
- | ignored. |
- | (We KNOW this is DIFFICULT, but STAY with us!). . . |
- |explanation: The translation is complex,but UNTIL YOU UNDERSTAND IT, |
- | SO is the FOR command. For that reason,AFTER you have finished this |
- | .HLP file go to FORINDO.HLP which has examples & explanations(They |
- | are NO GOOD, however, unless you understand the overall concept)! |
- | The FOR command is similar to the "for..next loop" that programm-|
- | ers use to repeat a paricular action a given number of times. The |
- | FOR file to compare files on A: & B: drives looks like this: |
- | FOR %X IN (*.*) DO IF EXIST B:%X ECHO %X IS ON BOTH A:&B: |
- | | | |=the<command>(here, starting on A:drive, the |
- | | | DO sees IF X {which is *.*[any of all the |
- | | | files on A:]} exists on B: the ECHOes the |
- | | | file name {X} as being on "BOTH A:&B:") |
- | | | |
- | | |=IN<set> the set is *.* or all the files on A:&B: |
- | | |
- | |=FOR is seeking the variable %X (it could be any letter) |
- | |
- | (It should be starting to get clearer) |
- | What we have displayed is an interactive FOR command string. If |
- | it were in a two-line batch file (for example) the first line would |
- | be ECHO OFF to keep command clutter off the screen. ALSO,in a batch |
- | file %X would be %%X (this tells DOS this is NOT a marker. It also |
- | leaves one % after multiple parameter processing {seeFORINDO>HLP}). |
- |examples: SEE THE FORINDO.HLP FILE FOR EXAMPLES & EXPLANATIONS! |
- | |
- |notes: Remember, in a batch file, you must use the expression "%%". |
- | If you are in interactive DOS processing mode,only ONE % is needed. |
- | You cannot nest FOR commands in DOS like the FOR-NEXT command is |
- | used in GWBASIC. If you try to do this, the message: |
- | "FOR cannot be nested" |
- | appears when you are running your batch program. The program will |
- | not perform as you expected. |
- | (SET) is one or more filenames or commands you want %%Varible to |
- | assume while the command is being executed. Use a space between |
- | entries, and pathnames are not allowed. Don't folrget the parenthe- |
- | sis around the set. Wildcards may be used within (SET) if you are |
- | using filenames. |
- | Command is the particular DOS command or batch subcommand you want |
- | to have performed. Usually one or more of these commands will |
- | contain the %%Varible in it. If (SET) contains DOS commands, only |
- | %%Varible is used. |
- | In effect, what this subcommand does is cause %%Varible to be an |
- | index into the (SET) for use by command. |
- | |
- |----------------- T I M E M A S T E R ---------------------|